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    • 是时候支持HTTPS了：免费SSL证书letsencrypt配置教程

    Saturday, Nov 26th, 2016 by Tim | Tags:

    今天抽空将 blog 增加了 HTTPS 支持，并停止了原来的 HTTP 服务。

    由于证书仅网站域名需要，因此使用了免费的 Let’s Encrypt 证书服务。

    根据维基百科的说明，Let’s Encrypt 是一个于2015年三季度推出的数字证书认证机构，将通过旨在消除当前手动创建和安装证书的复杂过程的自动化流程，为安全网站提供免费的SSL/TLS证书。Let’s Encrypt 是由互联网安全研究小组（ISRG，一个公益组织）提供的服务。主要赞助商包括电子前哨基金会，Mozilla 基金会，Akamai 以及思科。

    2015年12月3日，该服务进入公测阶段，正式面向公众。

    2016年4月12日，该项目正式离开Beta阶段。

    到2016年9月9日，Let’s Encrypt 已经发放 1000 万张证书。因此对于大部分中小型网站来说，是一个值得考虑的选择。

    letsencrypt

    HTTPS 启用及配置的主要步骤如下，假设你已经有一个正常运行的 HTTP 网站。

    1. 打开 https://certbot.eff.org/ 选择对应操作系统与 Web 服务器，选完后出现响应的平台说明。由于我的系统运行在 nginx 及 Ubuntu，选完之后出现的说明地址是 https://certbot.eff.org/#ubuntuxenial-nginx

    2. 执行命令，并根据需要修改相应域名参数。

    $ sudo apt-get install letsencrypt
$ letsencrypt certonly --webroot -w /var/www/timyang.net -d timyang.net -d www.timyang.net

    3. 修改 nginx
    将 80 端口相关配置改成 443 端口，并增加相关配置

    # listen       80;
listen 443 ssl;
server_name timyang.net www.timyang.net;

ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/timyang.net/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/timyang.net/privkey.pem;

    再增加 80 端口自动跳转

    server {
    listen 80;
    server_name timyang.net www.timyang.net;
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

    4. 重启 nginx，并用 chrome 访问，如果 URL 地址之前出现锁标记，则说明设置成功。
    如果页面中还包含有嵌入的 HTTP 元素，chrome 会仍然显示 i 标记，通过点击 i 之后的元素说明逐个修复即可。

    timyang-https

    另外注意 Let’s Encrypt 每次只有 90 天有效期，但可以通过脚本进行更新

    测试运行

    $ sudo letsencrypt renew --dry-run --agree-tos

    如果运行成功，建议将正式更新脚本加到 cron 脚本中，一劳永逸。

    $ sudo letsencrypt renew

    虽然 Let’s Encrypt 是一个免费的服务，但对 letsencrypt 使用感到满意的朋友，还可以去他们网站进行赞助。

    如想及时阅读Tim Yang的文章，可通过页面右上方扫码订阅最新更新。

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